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La Unesco declara les Festes de l’Os del Pirineu com a Patrimoni Cultural Immaterial

L'organització ha considerat que la candidatura era apta per què les festes que en formen part tenen uns valors que promouen el diàleg entre les persones i el medi natural.

Una de les Festes de l'Os que se celebren a Andorra.
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Les Festes de l’Os dels Pirineus han obtingut el reconeixement com a Patrimoni Cultural Immaterial per la Unesco. El Comitè intergovernamental del patrimoni cultural immaterial d’aquest organisme internacional que es reuneix durant aquesta setmana a Rabat (Marroc) ha avalat així la candidatura, promoguda pels governs d’Andorra i França. Segons el govern andorrà, la decisió de la Unesco suposa el reconeixement internacional d’una expressió del patrimoni cultural immaterial dels Pirineus i, a la vegada, implica implementar mesures de salvaguarda amb el paper actiu de les institucions i, molt especialment, dels actors que s’encarreguen de materialitzar, difondre i transmetre la festa a les generacions més joves.

 

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La candidatura, presentada conjuntament per Andorra i França, reuneix segons la Unesco els criteris de la Convenció del 2003 necessaris per ser inscrita a la llista representava del Patrimoni Cultural Immaterial, tenint en compte que les festes que en formen part tenen uns valors que promouen el diàleg entre les persones i el medi natural.

 

El Ministeri de Cultura d’Andorra i els comuns d’Encamp i d’Ordino, juntament amb el Ministeri de Cultura francès i l’Alt Vallespir, van treballar conjuntament durant l’any 2020 i el primer trimestre del 2021 per elaborar el dossier de candidatura per presentar-lo a la Unesco i continuar posant en valor les Festes de l’Os dels Pirineus.

 

Els balls de l’Os, o de l’Ossa a Andorra, es troben en alguns pobles dels Pirineus i altres zones de muntanya. Es tracta de representacions que es relacionen amb l’època d’hibernació d’aquest animal i amb la dimensió mitològica que encarna, símbol de la relació de la humanitat amb la natura. Cadascuna de les festes se celebra en moments i llocs especials, i transmet una visió del món que s’arrela en el passat, però que és interpretada des del present.

Una de les Festes de l’Os que se celebren a Andorra.

A Andorra, les representacions s’emmarquen en el cicle festiu d’hivern: el Ball de l’Ossa és un dels actes centrals del carnaval d’Encamp, un dels més populars del país, mentre que L’Última Ossa d’Ordino se celebra a inicis de desembre (enguany el dia 11).

 

Una persona disfressada d’ossa és el personatge central de les dues representacions andorranes, que en un to burlesc i crític cerquen la complicitat del públic assistent. Alguns trets de les festes andorranes tenen relació amb les celebracions de l’os del Vallespir.

 

A la Catalunya el Nord, els pobles d’Arlès, Prats de Molló i Sant Llorenç de Cerdans organitzen les festes de l’os des de temps immemorials. Aquestes celebracions populars també s’emmarquen en el cicle festiu carnavalesc i tenen elements comuns i singulars. L’os mig home i mig bèstia és el personatge central de totes les representacions, tant andorranes i nordcatalanes i, sens dubte, evoca les societats rurals de muntanya.

 

Abans del reconeixement de la Unesco, les Festes de l’Os havien estat inscrites per Andorra i França als respectius inventaris nacionals del patrimoni immaterial.

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Fem periodisme dirigint la mirada a allò què passa més enllà de les ciutats. Escrivim per descobrir la riquesa de les nostres comarques, de les persones que hi viuen i la diversitat de les seves iniciatives. Parlem de la terra per situar el sector primari al lloc que es mereix, però també abracem el nostre patrimoni cultural, històric i natural. En definitiva, mirem al territori per entendre tot un país.

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