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La Catalunya rural torna a reviure?

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La crisi del coronavirus ha fet créixer l’interès per la vida rural. Fer reviure un poble no és un procés fàcil i ara és una realitat o un boom que s’ha fet evident arran de la pandèmia i el confinament. La pandèmia ha demostrat que les grans aglomeracions no van massa bé per la salut i que és més fàcil controlar el virus en espais oberts i amb poca gent. Moltes famílies han vist que fora de les grans ciutats podrien viure millor i les zones rurals i els pobles petits han trobat l’oportunitat d’evitar el despoblament.

Les xarxes i l’interès per la vida rural

Les zones rurals veuen la pandèmia com una oportunitat per reequilibrar el territori, d’aquesta manera neix el twitter de @Repoblem. El seu creador viu en un poble on a l’hivern hi han tres cases habitades. Ens explica que a través de Repoblem vol donar difusió i oportunitat a viure en nuclis rurals i també a donar ressò a la gent que busca opcions per marxar de la ciutat. En poc temps ha superat els 20.000 seguidors i s’ha trobat amb una allau de demandes.

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També hi han noves aplicacions com Masies x Viure, una app amb la finalitat d’ajudar a les famílies a accedir a un habitatge al món rural amb el model de cooperativa d’habitatge. Volen ser un espai on poder trobar tots els recursos per al cooperativisme en forma de cohabitatge i ajudar a tots als que cerquen viure de manera allunyada del capitalisme a redirigir el seu futur a través d’un camí menys individualista i així aprendre a cohabitar per a compartir espais i projectes, fent possible així, una re-ruralització conscient i respectuosa.

Viure a rural també vol facilitar l’accés als recursos i serveis. Des de el mateix lloc web es proporciona informació bàsica i actualitzada dels recursos d’aquests territoris molt diversos que tenen en comú identitats rurals. En aquesta plataforma es pot trobar aquells recursos que tenen a veure amb habitatge, treball/emprenedoria, salut, esports, educació, lleure, cultura i medi ambient.

Pobles buits, ciutats sobrepassades

Malgrat que no tenim dades exactes, a Catalunya hi ha centenars de nuclis abandonats on la vegetació s’obre pas entre el que abans eren llars. La iniciativa per deixar la ciutat i anar a viure als pobles pot topar amb la falta de serveis i també amb la dificultat d’accedir a habitatges.

Riner (Solsonés) per exemple tenia uns 270 habitants però en els últims dos mesos s’hi ha empadronat 5 famílies amb una vintena de membre que han fet créixer la població fins a gairebé les 300 persones. “Els veïns de les ciutats s’han adonat amb la pandèmia dels privilegis de viure en un municipi petit, per la tranquil·litat, la natura i el benestar personal”, explica el seu alcalde. A més, destaca, la importància d’aquest repoblament va més enllà de mantenir viu el poble ja que aquestes famílies tenen fills i permeten que l’escola rural es pugui mantenir. Pobles com Maldà (Lleida) estan amb la problemàtica de la falta d’habitatge com afirma el seu alcalde, “n’hi ha però estan buits, hi ha demanda de lloguer i els propietaries no les posen a disposició”.
A Solanell (Lleida), des de principis de 2002, ha comprat bona part del poble i el 2012 va fundar la cooperativa Reviure Solanell amb la intenció de cedir els habitatges, en règim de cessió d’ús, als membres que ho desitgessin. Amb tot, i per molt que hi ha diverses cases reconstruïdes, avui només hi habita permanentment una persona. “En cert moment s’hi van arribar a instal·lar cinc, però no se’n sortien. No hi ha activitat econòmica: cal que la gent que vingui a viure porti projectes i tingui recursos econòmics. No es suficient amb la idea romàntica de viure al camp i recuperar un poble”.

La masoveria urbana guanya pes

La masoveria urbana s’està convertint en una alternativa cada vegada més recurrent a la Catalunya Central per combatre la problemàtica dels habitatges buits i deteriorats. A Osona, el Consell Comarcal ha posat en marxa un servei d’assessorament per als municipis per mobilitzar habitatges buits i buscar la millora fórmula per cada cas. Per la seva part, l’Ajuntament de Calaf (Anoia) vol treure a concurs, en concepte de masoveria, quatre dels habitatges de les antigues Cases dels Mestres, de titularitat publica. I a Puig-reig (Berguedà), un altre exemple: la cooperativa Vidàlia treballa per retornar la vida a l’antiga Colònia de Cal Vidal. De moment ja s’hi ha instal·lat una trentena de persones.

Millores per la Catalunya rural

Les comunicacions són un dels principals esculls per frenar la despoblació i repoblar els pobles. Les comunicacions són bàsiques tant per a les famílies que ja hi són com les que podrien venir. Ara aquestes mancances s’han agreujat amb la pandèmia ja que ha augmentat del teletreball i cal millorar la xarxa d’Internet per poder treballar des de casa. Els Micropobles de Catalunya han elaborat un Estatut propi on proposen lleis més transversals en matèria urbanística, avantatges fiscals pels veïns i representació en organismes públics per decidir el seu futur i demanen al Parlament que se’l faci seu. Volen aconseguir un equilibri territorial i això passa per millorar les comunicacions i serveis perquè sigui possible “despoblar unes zones superpoblades de Catalunya per repoblar-ne unes altres”, explica el president de l’Associació de Micropobles de Catalunya (AMC) i alcalde de Torrebesses (Segrià), Mario Urrea.

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Amb el suport de:

Fem periodisme dirigint la mirada a allò què passa més enllà de les ciutats. Escrivim per descobrir la riquesa de les nostres comarques, de les persones que hi viuen i la diversitat de les seves iniciatives. Parlem de la terra per situar el sector primari al lloc que es mereix, però també abracem el nostre patrimoni cultural, històric i natural. En definitiva, mirem al territori per entendre tot un país.

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