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Descobreixen una pedrera romana d’on s’haurien extret blocs de pedra per construir el pont del Tupino a Perafort

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Descobreixen una pedrera romana d’on s’haurien extret blocs de pedra per construir el pont del Tupino- similar al pont del Diable, però de dimensions menors-, al terme de Perafort (Tarragonès). Aquesta és una de les principals troballes de la campanya d’excavacions impulsada per l’Institut Català d’Arqueologia Clàssica (ICAC) aquest any. Els treballs, iniciats al mes d’octubre i que s’allargaran fins a aquesta setmana, també han permès descobrir nous trams de l’aqüeducte romà del Francolí. En concret, l’investigador Jordi López, ha destacat “l’excel·lent” estat de conservació del tram situat a prop del cementiri de Puigdelfí. Més endavant, es treballarà per fer visitable les zones dels vestigis i es preveuen dos anys més d’excavacions.

Els treballs arqueològics formen part del projecte ‘Els aqüeductes romans de Tàrraco’ i, enguany, s’han centrat a resseguir cinc quilòmetres de l’aqüeducte del Francolí dins del terme municipal de Perafort. En concret, els arqueòlegs han desbrossat de vegetació la zona al voltant del pedrera romana i han excavat parts de l’aqüeducte que han permès posar al descobert un tram de més deu metres. L’investigador de l’ICAC ha explicat que aquestes tasques de neteja serviran per fer a partir d’ara la planimetria, fotogrametria i documentació d’aquests vestigis. Una de les principals novetats d’aquesta campanya és la descoberta de la pedrera romana, la qual no estava catalogada en els inventaris de patrimoni.

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Segons López, la principal hipòtesis és que els romans van extreure d’aquest jaciment blocs de pedra que van servir per construir el pont de Tupino. A més, ha detallat que la pedrera estava situada al costat del pont i que no tenia unes dimensions “excepcionals”. Concretament, tenia una superfície d’uns 300 m2 i, actualment, són ben visibles tres fronts de talla. En diversos punts es distingeixen clarament els negatius de blocs de pedra que es van extreure mitjançant la tècnica manual de fer una rasa que delimités el bloc i, amb l’ajuda de falques o tascons metàl·lics, separar el bloc de la matriu rocosa.

“S’hauria de fer un estudi de cubicatge de la pedra extreta i de la que es va necessitar per aixecar les arcades, que de moment no podem fer, no sabem el gruix de terra que tenim entre on xafem i la base rocosa si no s’excava en un futur”, ha afegit l’investigador. Aquesta pedrera es troba a 350 metres del pont del Tupino, un pont amb arcades, similar al pont del Diable (o pont de les Ferreres), però que tenia unes dimensions molt menors i del qual es conserven poques restes, al terme dels Pallaresos. “Lamentablement d’aquest pont només en queden els extrems, ha desaparegut per l’espoli de material constructiu”, ha indicat. Tant el pont del Diable com el de Tupino datarien del segle I dC.

En la campanya de l’any passat, es va identificar, fitxar i topografiar més de 50 trams de l’aqüeducte del Francolí. Així, es va definir tot el traçat d’aquesta infraestructura, que els experts calculen comprenia 23 quilòmetres. La canalització es pot seguir de manera discontínua pels termes municipals de Vallmoll, els Garidells, Perafort, els Pallaresos i Tarragona. Segons detallen els investigadors, hi ha trams visibles, però la major part d’ells són hipotètics. Aquest any, l’equip de l’ICAC ha prospectat “més a fons” aquests espais i també trams que encara no s’havien excavat.

“Alguns han donat sorpreses molt agradables, per exemple, el tram que hi ha al costat de Puigdelfí, a prop del cementiri, hem trobat una part de l’aqüeducte amb un estat de conservació excel·lent, es veu perfectament conservat el paviment, els dos caixers, no li falta cap element”, ha especificat l’expert. Amb tot, López ha assenyalat que han excavat una petita part que estava soterrada i que podrien continuar amb els treballs.

Alhora, López ha destacat que les troballes d’aquesta campanya són rellevats perquè no només s’han localitzat infraestructures que van permetre “aixecar” l’aqüeducte sinó altres elements com la pedrera o forns de calçs. “L’interès és sobretot perquè ampliem la visió no només de la conducció sinó de tots els elements que van ser necessaris per construir-la”, ha subratllat.

Senyalitzar i museïtzar els vestigis, en un futur

Des de l’ICAC apunten que es podrien senyalitzar i fer accessibles trams, com el del pont de Tupino, en un futur, però que depèn de la voluntat dels ajuntaments fer visitables aquestes zones. De cara a pròximes campanyes, tenen previst continuar amb els treballs al terme de Perafort i els podrien ampliar a altres municipis si ho acorden amb dos consistoris més. López estima que el projecte es podria allargar dos anys i ha afirmat que l’objectiu és escriure un llibre on es recopili tota la informació obtinguda durant els anys d’excavacions arqueològiques.

Aquestes es van iniciar amb el projecte Quadriennal de la Generalitat, ‘Els aqüeductes romans de Tàrraco’, que es va fer entre el 2018 i 2021, i que va culminar amb el reconeixement del Premi Tàrraco atorgat per l’Ajuntament de Tarragona en l’edició de l’any 2021.

 

 

 

 

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